最新范文 方案 计划 总结 报告 体会 事迹 讲话 倡议书 反思 制度 入党

上海牛津小学英语语法知识总结

日期:2020-08-29  类别:最新范文  编辑:一流范文网  【下载本文Word版

上海牛津小学英语语法知识总结 本文关键词:牛津,上海,英语语法,小学,知识

上海牛津小学英语语法知识总结 本文简介:上海牛津小学英语语法知识总结一般现在时1、定义:表示经常发生或习惯性的动作、状态。句中通常有usually,often,everyday,sometimes,always,atweekends,onSundays等表示经常性时间的短语。2、构成:1)当谓语是be动词时,一般现在时的构成:主语+be动

上海牛津小学英语语法知识总结 本文内容:

上海牛津小学英语语法知识总结

一般现在时

1、定义:表示经常发生或习惯性的动作、状态。句中通常有usually,often,every

day,sometimes,always,at

weekends,on

Sundays等表示经常性时间的短语。

2、构成:

1)当谓语是be动词时,一般现在时的构成:主语+be动词+其他

如:I

am

a

student.

He

is

Jim’s

father.

They

are

from

Japan.

2)当谓语是行为动词时,一般现在时的构成:

①主语(非第三人称单数)+动词原形+其他

如:I

often

watch

TV

at

the

weekends.

Mr

Green

and

Mrs

Green

like

collecting

stamps.

②主语(第三人称单数)+动词的第三人称单数形式+其他

如:Jim

usually

visits

his

grandparents

on

Sundays.

She

sometimes

goes

to

the

park

with

her

mother.

3、动词三单形式的变化规则:

一般情况下,直接加s

如:read-reads,swim-swims

以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾,加es

如:wash-washes,watch-watches,do-does

以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加es

如:study-studies,fly-flies

不规则变化

如:have-has

4、一般现在时的句型转换:

肯定句

否定句

一般疑问句及回答

They

watch

TV

every

day.

They

don’t

watch

TV

every

day.

—Do

they

watch

TV

every

day?

—Yes,they

do.

/

No,they

don’t.

She

watches

TV

every

day.

She

doesn’t

watch

TV

every

day.

Does

she

watch

TV

every

day?

—Yes,she

does.

/

No,she

doesn’t.

现在进行时

1、定义:表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。句中常有now,look,listen等词。

如:I

am

washing

clothes

now.

Look!

Liu

Tao

is

climbing

the

tree.

Listen!

Jane

is

singing

in

the

music

room.

2、构成:be动词(am/is/are)+

动词现在分词(V-ing)

3、动词现在分词构成:

一般是在动词原形后加ing

如:read-reading,drink-drinking,eat-eating,look-looking

以不发音的e结尾的动词,去掉e,再加ing

如:write-writing,make-making,ride-riding,take-taking

以重读闭音节结尾,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,要双写这个字母,再加ing

如:sit-sitting,swim-swimming,put-putting,run-running,stop-stopping,get-getting,begin-beginning,jog-jogging,forget-forgetting

4、动名词其实就是动词的现在分词,它既有名词性质(可作主语),又有动词性质(可带宾语)。

如:Asking

the

way

My

hobby

is

collecting

stamps.

He

is

good

at

skating.

5、现在进行时的句型转换:

肯定句

否定句

一般疑问句及回答

He

is

running

now.

He

isn’t

running

now.

—Is

he

running

now?

—Yes,he

is.

/

No,he

isn’t.

They

are

making

a

puppet.

They

aren’t

making

a

puppet.

Are

they

making

a

puppet?

—Yes,they

are.

/

No,they

aren’t.

一般过去时

1、定义:表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:a

moment

ago,just

now,yesterday,last

week,this

morning等。

如:My

brother

often

went

to

school

by

bike

last

term.

The

watch

was

beside

the

diary

a

moment

ago.

I

watched

the

moon

and

ate

the

moon

cakes

last

Mid-Autumn

Festival.

Jim

went

to

the

supermarket

yesterday.

2、构成:主语+动词的过去式+其他

3、动词过去式的变化规则:

一般在动词原形末尾加ed

如:play-played,listen-listened,look-looked

结尾是e的动词,加d

如:live-lived,like-liked,taste-tasted

辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加ed

如:study-studied,carry-carried,cry-cried

末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写这个辅音字母,再加ed

如:stop-stopped,plan-planned

不规则变化

如:

am/is-was

are-were

have/has-had

do-did

go-went

sit-sat

tell-told

see-saw

get-got

make-made

give-gave

read-read

buy-bought

come-came

draw-drew

eat-ate

fly-flew

meet-met

put-put

run-ran

say-said

sing-sang

swim-swam

take-took

4、一般过去时的句型转换

肯定句

否定句

一般疑问句及回答

He

watched

TV

yesterday.

He

didn’t

watch

TV

yesterday.

—Did

he

watch

TV

yesterday?

—Yes,he

did.

/

No,he

didn’t.

They

played

games

just

now.

They

didn’t

play

games

just

now.

Did

they

play

games

just

now?

—Yes,they

did.

/

No,they

didn’t.

一般将来时

1、定义:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,以及打算、计划或准备某事。句中一般含有表示将来的时间状语,如:tomorrow

morning,next

week,this

afternoon等表示将来的时间状语。

2、构成:

be

gong

to

+动词原形

如:I

am

going

to

see

a

Beijing

opera

tomorrow.

We

are

going

to

meet

at

bus

stop

at

half

past

ten.

Dad

and

I

are

going

to

see

a

Beijing

opera

this

afternoon.

will

+动词原形

如:They

will

go

swimming

this

afternoon.

3、be

going

to

和will

区别:

be

going

to表示经过事先安排、打算或决定要做的事情,基本上一定会发生;will则表示有可能去做,但不一定发生,也常表示说话人的临时决定。

如:I

am

going

to

take

part

in

a

party

this

evening.

They

are

cleaning

the

library

now.

I’ll

go

and

join

them.

②be

going

to表示近期或眼下就要发生的事情;will表示的将来时间则较远一些。如:He

is

going

to

write

a

letter

tomorrow.

I

will

meet

her

one

day.

be

going

to还可以用来表示有迹象表明某件事将要发生,常用于天气等自然现象。如:Look!

It’s

going

to

rain.

4、一般将来时句型转换:

肯定句

否定句

一般疑问句及回答

She

is

going

to

have

a

picnic

tomorrow.

She

isn’t

going

to

have

a

picnic

tomorrow.

—Is

she

going

to

have

a

picnic

tomorrow?

—Yes,she

is.

/

No,she

isn’t.

They

will

go

swimming

this

afternoon.

They

will

not(won’t)

go

swimming

this

afternoon.

—Will

they

go

swimming

this

afternoon?

—Yes,they

will.

/

No,they

won’t.

句法

1、陈述句

说明事实或陈述说话人观点的句子。基本结构:主语+谓语+其他

1)肯定陈述句

We

all

like

pandas

very

much.

2)否定陈述句

He

doesn’t

do

housework

at

weekends

3)肯定陈述句改否定陈述句

①一般是在be动词或情态动词后加not。

Mary

was

at

school

yesterday.

—>

Mary

was

not

at

school

yesterday.

I

can

make

a

model

plane.

—>I

can

not

make

a

model

plane.

②不含be动词或情态动词的,行为动词前要用助动词的否定式(don’t,doesn’t,didn’t),后面跟动词的原形。

He

likes

drawing

pictures.—>He

doesn’t

like

drawing

pictures.

I

went

to

the

park

yesterday.

—>I

didn’t

go

to

the

park

yesterday.

4)陈述句改一般疑问句

①有be动词或情态动词的,把be动词或情态动词提前。

Mary

was

at

school

yesterday.

—>

Was

Mary

at

school

yesterday?

I

can

make

a

model

plane.

—>

Can

you

make

a

model

plane?

②不含be动词或情态动词的句子,借助助动词开头,动词还原成原形。

He

likes

drawing

pictures.—>Does

he

like

drawing

pictures.

I

went

to

the

park

yesterday.

—>Did

you

go

to

the

park

yesterday?

2、疑问句

用来提出问题,询问情况的句子,末尾用问号。

1)一般疑问句:一般疑问句常用来询问一件事是否属实,通常以be动词,助动词或情态动词开头,用yes或no来回答,因此又叫是非疑问句,通常读升调。

—Is

Mr

Green

from

the

UK?

—Yes,he

is.

/

No,he

isn’t.

—Do

you

have

any

hobbies?

—Yes,I

do.

/

No,I

don’t.

—Can

you

play

the

guitar?

—Yes,I

can.

/

No,I

can’t.

2)特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词引导,要求回答具体问题,不能用yes或no来回答。—How

do

you

go

to

work

every

day?

—I

go

to

work

by

car.

3)选择疑问句:提供两种或两种以上情况,让对方选择,往往用or连接。

—Would

you

like

some

tea

or

coffee?

—Some

coffee,please.

4)反意疑问句:反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。

—It’s

a

fine

day,isn’t

it?

Yes,it

is.

3、祈使句

表示请求或命令别人做某事或不做某事。

1)用于第二人称,通常省略you。

①肯定祈使句:Open

the

door,please.

②否定祈使句:Don’t

be

late

again.

2)用于第一人称和第三人称,通常以let(let后跟宾格)或shall开头。

Let

me

have

a

look.

Let’s

play

a

game

now.

Let

him

go

home

now.

Shall

we

meet

at

one

thirty

in

front

of

the

Garden

Theatre?

4、感叹句

表达喜怒哀乐等强烈感情,句尾常用感叹号(!),语气用降调。

1)what

+

名词或名词性短语

What

a

big

garden

(it

is)!

What

an

interesting

storybook

(it

is)

!

What

lovely

weather

(it

is)!

What

pretty

girls

(they

are)!

2)how

+形容词或副词+主语+动词

How

nice!

How

beautiful

the

flowers

are!

How

tall

Yao

Ming

is!

5、there

be

句型

表示在某地有某人或某物。

1)主语是单数,be动词用is(was);主语是复数,be动词用are(were)。

There

is

some

milk

in

the

fridge.

There

are

some

peaches

in

the

basket.

2)如果有几个不同的人或物并列存在,be动词根据最靠近的那个名词而定。

There

is

a

ruler

and

five

knives

in

the

pencil

case.

There

are

five

knives

and

a

ruler

in

the

pencil

case.

3)there

be句型和have/has区别:

there

be句型表示某地有某人或某物;

have/has表示某人有某物。has用于第三人称单数,其余人称和数用have。

There

are

some

English

books

on

the

desk.

I

have

some

English

books.

篇2:初一英语上海牛津版Unit2语法总结复习名词

初一英语上海牛津版Unit2语法总结复习名词 本文关键词:牛津,上海,语法,名词,复习

初一英语上海牛津版Unit2语法总结复习名词 本文简介:课题名称初一英语上海牛津版Unit2语法总结复习名词(二)教学目标同步教学知识内容Unit2语法总结复习个性化学习问题解决名词教学重点名词的数教学难点名词的数、名词的格。教学内容I名词三.名词的普通格作定语表材料、地点、用途、性质、泛指时间、整体等普通名词可以作定语,一般用单数形式。eg.stone

初一英语上海牛津版Unit2语法总结复习名词 本文内容:

课题名称

初一英语上海牛津版Unit

2语法总结复习名词(二)

教学目标

同步教学知识内容

Unit

2语法总结复习

个性化学习问题解决

名词

教学重点

名词的数

教学难点

名词的数、名词的格。

教学内容

I名词

三.

名词的普通格作定语

表材料、地点、用途、性质、泛指时间、整体等普通名词可以作定语,一般用单数形式。

eg.

stone

figures(石像);paper

money(纸币);country

music(乡村音乐);table

cloth(桌布);river

bank(河岸);school

gate(校门口);book

stores(书店);traffic

lights(交通灯);summer

holidays(暑假);evening

dress(晚礼服)。

但在个别情况下,也有需用复数的。

eg.

sports

meet(运动会);the

United

States

government(美国政府);students

reading-room(学生阅览室);goods

train(货车);two

men

doctors(两个男医生)。

四.

重难点讲解:

1.

I

found

her

sitting

in

the

corner,reading

_____

newspaper,with

_____

in

her

eyes.

A.

a,tear

B.

a

piece

of,tears

C.

a,tears

D.

a

piece

of,tear

陷阱:误选D,许多学生错误地认为,既然news(消息)和

paper(纸)均为不可数名词,那么newspaper(报纸)也应是不可数的;同时认为“眼泪”即“泪水”,“水”不可数,“泪水”和“眼泪”也应该不可数。

分析:最佳答案为C。newspaper和

tear均为可数名词,它们不仅可以连用不定冠词、可以用复数,而且还可以连用数词。

Her

eyes

filled

with

tears.

她热泪盈眶。

She

dried

her

tears

with

a

handkerchief.

她用手帕擦干了眼泪。

The

newspapers

were

full

of

lies.

报纸上一片谎言。

A

newspaper

is

a

publication.

报纸是一种出版物。

2.

Her

father

works

as

a

______

in

a

hotel

and

her

mother

a

______

in

a

private

company.

A.

cooker,typewriter

B.

cook,typist

C.

cooker,typist

D.

cook,typewriter

陷阱:误选A,许多同学想当然地认为:cook

用作动词,表示“煮饭”,所以

cooker

应是其相应的名词,表示“煮饭的人”,即“厨师”;type

用作动词,表示“打字”,所以

typewriter

应表示“打字员”。

分析:“而事实是:cook=厨师,cooker=炊具;typist=打字员,typewriter=打字机。即此题正确答案为B。

3.

“Why

couldn’t

they

meet

us

at

five

o’clock?”

“Because

they

were

delayed

by

________.”

A.

heavy

traffic

B.

heavy

traffics

C.

crowded

traffic

D.

crowded

traffics

陷阱:B、C、D三项均容易误选。

分析:对于此题,首先要明确traffic为不可数名词,没有复数形式,故排除B和D。另外,汉语习惯说“交通拥挤”,而英语习惯上却不能用crowded

来修饰

traffic,要表示汉语的“交通拥挤”,英语通常说heavy

traffic,即选A。如下面一题也是选A:

She

is

not

a

competent

driver

and

can’t

cope

with

driving

in

_______.

A.

heavy

traffic

B.

heavy

traffics

C.

crowded

traffic

D.

crowded

traffics

4.

In

fact,_______

one

cause

that

leads

to

the

problem.

A.

cattle

is

B.

cattle

are

C.

cattles

are

D.

the

cattles

are

陷阱:此题容易误选A,想当然地认为cattle是单数,并且空格有表单数的one,自然谓语动词用is。

陷阱:其实,正确答案为B。cattle(牲畜,牛)为集合名词,尽管它不带复数词尾-s,却永远表示复数意义,若用作主语,谓语要用复数。又如:

For

this

many

cattle

were

killed.

为此宰了不少牲畜。

The

prisoners

were

herded

like

cattle.

囚犯像牲口一样被赶到一起。

类似地,police(警察),people(人),police(警察),poultry(家禽)等也具有同样用法,即只有单数形式,但却表示复数意义;用作主语时谓语通常也用复数;不与

a(n)

连用,但可与the连用(表示总括意义和特指)。如:The

poultry

have

been

fed.

家禽已经喂过饲料了。

In

Britain

police

do

not

usually

carry

guns.

在英国警察通常不带枪。

It

annoys

me

when

people

forget

to

say

“thank

you”.

遇到有人忘记道谢的时候,我就不痛快。

5.

By

all

_______,you

must

try

every

_______

to

help

him.

A.

mean,mean

B.

means,means

C.

means,mean

D.

mean,means

陷阱:误选C,认为第一空前有all修饰,故用means,而第二空前有every修饰,故用mean。

分析:其实,means是一个单复数同形的名词,并且永远带有尾-s。换句话说,在表示“方式”、“方法”时,不存在mean这一形式(mean主要用作动词,表示“意思是”;也可用作名词,表示“中间”、“中庸”)。此题正确答案为C,by

all

means为习语,意为“一定”、“尽一切办法”。顺便说一句,means用作主语时,其谓语的数需根据句意来确定。比较:

All

possible

means

have

been

tried.

所有可能的办法都已经试过了。

Every

possible

means

has

been

tried.

每种可能的办法都已经试过了。

若句意不能明确地表明主语的单复数,其谓语则用单数或复数均可。如:

Is

[Are]

there

any

other

means

of

getting

more

money?

还有其他什么办法可弄到更多钱吗?

6.

Jim

is

______

person,and

everyone

is

willing

to

be

______

with

him.

A.

so

kind

a,friends

B.

so

a

kind,friends

C.

so

kind

a,friend

D.

so

a

kind,friend

陷阱:误选C或D。认为

friend要用单数。

分析:其实此题最佳答案为A。so

kind

a

person相当于such

a

kind

person,注意两者中冠词的位置不同。be

friends

with是习语,意为“与……友好”、“跟……做朋友”,与之同义的类似地还有make

friends

with。值得说明的是,这类短语中的名词总是用复数,即使句子主语为单数也是如此。如:

He

is

friends

with

me.

他与我是朋友。

He

has

made

friends

with

everyone

here.

他与这儿的每个人交上了朋友。

7.

We

already

have

______

pencils,but

we

need

two

______

pens.

A.

dozen

of,dozen

B.

dozens

of,dozens

C.

dozens

of,dozen

D.

dozens

of,dozen

of

陷阱:误选

B。

分析:此题最佳答案为C。关于dozen的复数是否加词尾-s的问题比较复杂,大致原则是:

(1)当它与具体数字连用时,既不加复数词尾-s,也不后接介词of。

(2)当它不与具体数字连用,而是表示不确定的泛指数时,则不仅要加复数词尾-s,而且要后接介词

of,此时可将dozens

of(许多,几十)视为习语。如:

I’ve

been

there

dozens

of

times.

我去过那儿几十次。

She’s

got

dozens

of

boy-friends.

她的男朋友很多。

下面一例中的dozens加了复数词尾-s也属类似情况:

Pack

them

in

dozens.

按打装袋吧。

(3)当与

a

few,several

等数目不很具体的词连用时,加不加复数词尾-s均可,但需注意:不加复数词尾-s时,其后的介词of可以省略;加词尾-s时,其后介词

of不能省略。如:

several

dozen

(of)

pencils=several

dozens

of

pencils几打铅笔

注:英语较少使用many

dozen的说法,要表示类似意思可用dozens

of。

(4)当它后面的名词受

the,these,those

等特指限定词修饰时,或其后接的是us,them这样的人称代词时,则此时必须用介词

of。如:

two

dozen

of

these

eggs

两打这种鸡蛋

three

dozen

of

them

它们中的3打

注:score,hundred,thousand,million等也具有以上类似用法。

8.

She

raised

her

finger

to

her

lips

as

_____

for

silence.

A.

an

idea

B.

a

mark

C.

a

sign

D.

a

word

陷阱:容易误选B。

分析:应选C,sign与mark的区别是:sign

的意思是“迹象”、“征兆”gesture

or

movement

made

with

the

hand,head,etc,used

to

give

information,a

command,etc(用手或头等做出示意动作以传递信息或命令等),mark

的意思是

written

or

printed

symbol

or

figure,line

etc

made

as

signor

an

indication

of

sth(书写与印刷的符号或图、线等记号)。根据此二词的语义区别以及常识可知答案为C。类似地,下面两题的答案也是C:

(1)Those

black

clouds

are

a

sure

_____

that

it’s

going

to

rain.

A.

thing

B.

mark

C.

sign

D.

one

(2)

Just

as

a

famous

Chinese

saying

goes,a

timely

heavy

snow

is

a

______

of

good

harvest

next

year.

A.

mark

B.

track

C.

sign

D.

appearance

但是,下面一题却不能选sign,也不能选mark,而选symbol(象征):

The

lion

is

considered

the

king

of

the

forest

as

it

is

a(n)

_____

of

courage

and

power.

A.

example

B.

sign

C.

mark

D.

symbol

9.

“May

I

take

your

order

now?”

“We’d

like

three

black

_______

and

two

green

_______.”

A.

coffee,cups

of

teas

B.

coffees,teas

C.

cups

of

coffee,tea

D.

cup

of

coffees,teas

陷阱:误选C,认为coffee和tea均为不可数名词,不能后加复数词尾-s,从而排除选项A、B、D。

分析:选B。有的同学认为

coffee

和tea是物质名词,不可数,不能用

three

coffees,two

teas

这样的表达。其实,coffee既可用作不可数名词,表示“咖啡”这种物质,也可用作可数名词,表示“一杯咖啡”,即在口语中

three

coffees

就等于

three

cups

of

coffee。同样,“三杯茶”既可说成

three

cups

of

tea,也可说成

three

teas;“三杯啤酒”既可说成

three

glasses

of

beer,也可说成

three

beers。

10.

_____

is

a

good

form

of

exercise

for

both

young

and

old.

A.

Walk

B.

Walking

C.

The

walk

D.

To

walk

陷阱:容易误选A或D。

分析:最佳答案为B。分析如下:

(1)首先,选项D不如选项B佳,因为,不定式通常表示特定的动作,而动名词才表示习惯性的动作。

(2)尽管walk用作名词时可以表示“散步”,但它是可数名词,指的是一次一次的具体的散步,而不表示抽象意义或泛指意义的“散步”,要表示此义,要用动名词

walking。比较:

How

about

going

for

a

walk?

出去散散步如何?

Walking

does

good

to

your

health.

散步对你的健康有益。

类似地,dance

dancing

以及

swim

swimming

的区别也是一样:

(1)名词的

dance表示“跳舞”,是可数名词,指的是一次一次的具体的跳舞,而不表示抽象意义或泛指意义的“跳舞”,要表示后者的意思,要用动名词转化来的名词

dancing。比较:

Let’s

have

a

dance.

我们跳曲舞吧。

He

is

interested

in

dancing.

他对跳舞感兴趣。

(2)名词的

swim表示“游泳”,是可数名词,指的是一次一次的具体的游泳,而不表示抽象意义或泛指意义的“游泳”,要表示后者的意思,要用动名词转化来的名词

swimming。比较:

She

had

a

swim

every

day.

她每天游一会儿泳。

She

loves

swimming.

她喜欢游泳。

一、提高题

1.Twelve

were

hurt,but

no

were

lost

in

that

accident.

A.

person,life

B.

people,livesC.

peoples,lives

D.

persons,life

2.

One

of

the

family

on

the

bed.

A.

photos

is

B.

photoes

areC.

photos

are

D.

photoes

is

3.There

are

some

foreigners

talking

in

the

room.

They

are

two,three

and

two

.

A.

Japanese;

Englishmen;

GermansB.

Japanese;

Englishman,German

C.

Japaneses;

Englishmen,GermansD.

Japanese,Englishmen,Germen

4.The

sign

“BUSINESS

HOURS”

can

be

seen

in

a

.

A.

shop

B.

schoolC.

park

D.

museum

5.

mother

made

them

have

piano

lessons.

A.

Peter

and

Anne

B.

Peter

s

and

Anne

sC.

Peter

s

and

Anne

D.

Peter

and

Anne

s

6.-Please

help

me

move

the

table

in.

-But

there

is

not

enough

for

it.

A.

place

B.

floorC.

room

D.

ground

7.These

_________

have

saved

many

children’s

lives.

A.

woman

doctors

B.

women

doctor

C.

women

doctors

D.

woman

doctor

8.Yesterday

Xiao

Min

bought

a

new

pair

of

.It

is

made

of

.

A.

glass;

glass

B.

glasses;

glass

C.

glasses;

glasses

D.

glass;

glasses

9.-How

does

Mr

Smith

go

to

his

office?

-Every

morning

he

takes

a

to

his

office.

A.20

minutes

walk

B.20

minute

s

walkC.20

minute

walk

D.20

minutes

walk

10.

I

went

to

the

shop

to

buy

a

dictionary.

A.

book

B.

books

C.

book

s

D.

books

11.-Do

you

think

selling

vegetables

?

-Yes,but

my

mother

likes

it

very

much.

A.

is

a

hard

work

B.

are

hard

workC.

is

hard

work

D.

is

hard

job

12.You

should

take

more

_______.

Don’t

always

sit

at

the

desk

busy

doing

your_______.

A.

exercise,

exercise

B.

exercises,

exercises

C.

exercises,

exercise

D.

exercise,

exercises

13.She

was

born

in

Wuhan,but

Beijing

has

become

her

second_______

.

A.

home

B.

family

C.

house

D.

country

14._____

day

we’re

having

today!

A.

What

a

fine

B.

How

fine

C.

What

fine

a

D.

What

fine

15.What

did

the

headmaster

say

about

Jim’s

______?

A.

two-months

holiday

B.

two

months’

holidays

C.

two-month

holiday

D.

two

month’s

holiday

16.一Where

is

David?

一Oh,he

is

reading___

under

the

tall

tree

in

the

garden.

A.several

papers

B.several

paper

C.a

piece

of

paper

D.a

paper

17.一The

Internet

is

so

convenient

that

we

can

get

all

________we

wanted.

—That’s

right.

It

is

very

helpful

in

our

lives

now.

A.the

information

B.an

information

C.the

informations

D.information

18.---

What

about

Mr.Black’s

speech?

---

Wonderful!

There

were

____

people

there.

A.

a

large

number

of

B.much

C.a

great

deal

of

D.

Lots

9

/

9

篇3:初一英语上海牛津版Unit2语法总结复习therebe结构

初一英语上海牛津版Unit2语法总结复习therebe结构 本文关键词:牛津,上海,语法,复习,结构

初一英语上海牛津版Unit2语法总结复习therebe结构 本文简介:课题名称初一英语上海牛津版Unit2语法总结复习therebe结构教学目标同步教学知识内容Unit2语法总结复习个性化学习问题解决therebe结构教学重点therebe结构教学难点therebe结构讲与练教学内容I名词三.名词的普通格作定语表材料、地点、用途、性质、泛指时间、整体等普通名词可以作定

初一英语上海牛津版Unit2语法总结复习therebe结构 本文内容:

课题名称

初一英语上海牛津版Unit

2语法总结复习

there

be结构

教学目标

同步教学知识内容

Unit

2语法总结复习

个性化学习问题解决

there

be结构

教学重点

there

be结构

教学难点

there

be结构讲与练

教学内容

I名词

三.

名词的普通格作定语

表材料、地点、用途、性质、泛指时间、整体等普通名词可以作定语,一般用单数形式。

eg.

stone

figures(石像);paper

money(纸币);country

music(乡村音乐);table

cloth(桌布);river

bank(河岸);school

gate(校门口);book

stores(书店);traffic

lights(交通灯);summer

holidays(暑假);evening

dress(晚礼服)。

但在个别情况下,也有需用复数的。

eg.

sports

meet(运动会);the

United

States

government(美国政府);students

reading-room(学生阅览室);goods

train(货车);two

men

doctors(两个男医生)。

四.

重难点讲解:

1.

I

found

her

sitting

in

the

corner,reading

_____

newspaper,with

_____

in

her

eyes.

A.

a,tear

B.

a

piece

of,tears

C.

a,tears

D.

a

piece

of,tear

陷阱:误选D,许多学生错误地认为,既然news(消息)和

paper(纸)均为不可数名词,那么newspaper(报纸)也应是不可数的;同时认为“眼泪”即“泪水”,“水”不可数,“泪水”和“眼泪”也应该不可数。

分析:最佳答案为C。newspaper和

tear均为可数名词,它们不仅可以连用不定冠词、可以用复数,而且还可以连用数词。

Her

eyes

filled

with

tears.

她热泪盈眶。

She

dried

her

tears

with

a

handkerchief.

她用手帕擦干了眼泪。

The

newspapers

were

full

of

lies.

报纸上一片谎言。

A

newspaper

is

a

publication.

报纸是一种出版物。

2.

Her

father

works

as

a

______

in

a

hotel

and

her

mother

a

______

in

a

private

company.

A.

cooker,typewriter

B.

cook,typist

C.

cooker,typist

D.

cook,typewriter

陷阱:误选A,许多同学想当然地认为:cook

用作动词,表示“煮饭”,所以

cooker

应是其相应的名词,表示“煮饭的人”,即“厨师”;type

用作动词,表示“打字”,所以

typewriter

应表示“打字员”。

分析:“而事实是:cook=厨师,cooker=炊具;typist=打字员,typewriter=打字机。即此题正确答案为B。

3.

“Why

couldn’t

they

meet

us

at

five

o’clock?”

“Because

they

were

delayed

by

________.”

A.

heavy

traffic

B.

heavy

traffics

C.

crowded

traffic

D.

crowded

traffics

陷阱:B、C、D三项均容易误选。

分析:对于此题,首先要明确traffic为不可数名词,没有复数形式,故排除B和D。另外,汉语习惯说“交通拥挤”,而英语习惯上却不能用crowded

来修饰

traffic,要表示汉语的“交通拥挤”,英语通常说heavy

traffic,即选A。如下面一题也是选A:

She

is

not

a

competent

driver

and

can’t

cope

with

driving

in

_______.

A.

heavy

traffic

B.

heavy

traffics

C.

crowded

traffic

D.

crowded

traffics

4.

In

fact,_______

one

cause

that

leads

to

the

problem.

A.

cattle

is

B.

cattle

are

C.

cattles

are

D.

the

cattles

are

陷阱:此题容易误选A,想当然地认为cattle是单数,并且空格有表单数的one,自然谓语动词用is。

陷阱:其实,正确答案为B。cattle(牲畜,牛)为集合名词,尽管它不带复数词尾-s,却永远表示复数意义,若用作主语,谓语要用复数。又如:

For

this

many

cattle

were

killed.

为此宰了不少牲畜。

The

prisoners

were

herded

like

cattle.

囚犯像牲口一样被赶到一起。

类似地,police(警察),people(人),police(警察),poultry(家禽)等也具有同样用法,即只有单数形式,但却表示复数意义;用作主语时谓语通常也用复数;不与

a(n)

连用,但可与the连用(表示总括意义和特指)。如:The

poultry

have

been

fed.

家禽已经喂过饲料了。

In

Britain

police

do

not

usually

carry

guns.

在英国警察通常不带枪。

It

annoys

me

when

people

forget

to

say

“thank

you”.

遇到有人忘记道谢的时候,我就不痛快。

5.

By

all

_______,you

must

try

every

_______

to

help

him.

A.

mean,mean

B.

means,means

C.

means,mean

D.

mean,means

陷阱:误选C,认为第一空前有all修饰,故用means,而第二空前有every修饰,故用mean。

分析:其实,means是一个单复数同形的名词,并且永远带有尾-s。换句话说,在表示“方式”、“方法”时,不存在mean这一形式(mean主要用作动词,表示“意思是”;也可用作名词,表示“中间”、“中庸”)。此题正确答案为C,by

all

means为习语,意为“一定”、“尽一切办法”。顺便说一句,means用作主语时,其谓语的数需根据句意来确定。比较:

All

possible

means

have

been

tried.

所有可能的办法都已经试过了。

Every

possible

means

has

been

tried.

每种可能的办法都已经试过了。

若句意不能明确地表明主语的单复数,其谓语则用单数或复数均可。如:

Is

[Are]

there

any

other

means

of

getting

more

money?

还有其他什么办法可弄到更多钱吗?

【名词典型例题】

1.

Ten

years

had

passed.

I

found

she

had

_______.

A.

a

few

white

hairs

B.

a

little

white

hair

C.

some

white

hair

D.

more

fifty

hair

2.—Hi,this

way,please.

—OK.I

sometimes

have

no

sense

of

______

when

I

arrive

at

the

crossroad.

A.

position

B.

direction

C.

situation

D.

condition

3.

Shelly

had

prepared

carefully

for

her

English

examination

so

that

she

could

be

sure

of

passing

it

on

her

first

________.

A.

intention

B.

attempt

C.

purpose

D.

desire

4.

I

didn’t

have

to

work

all

weekend

I

did

it

by

_______.

A.

chance

B.

choice

C.

accident

D.

myself

5.

“Did

you

get

_____

to

the

party?”

“Yes,I

replied

to

it

this

morning.”

A.

an

answer

B.

an

invitation

C.

a

question

D.

a

letter

6.

I

paid

him

£50

for

the

painting,but

its

true

______

must

be

at

least

£500.

A.

price

B.

money

C.

value

D.

importance

7.

His

letter

was

so

confusing

that

I

could

hardly

make

any

______

of

it.

A.

explanation

B.

meaning

C.

sense

D.

guess

8.

You’ve

just

missed

your

______,and

you

will

have

to

wait

for

the

next

round.

A.

chance

B.

turn

C.

time

D.

part

9.

—Li

Lin

is

very

bright

and

studies

hard

as

well.

—It’s

no

______

he

always

gets

the

first

place

in

any

examination.

A.

question

B.

doubt

C.

problem

D.

wonder

10.

—How

can

I

use

this

washing

machine?

—Well,just

refer

to

the

_______.

A.

explanations

B.

expressions

C.

introductions

D.

directions

11.

Jim

was

late

for

two

classes

this

morning.

He

said

that

he

forgot

both

of

the

______.

A.

rooms

number

B.

room

number

C.

room’s

numbers

D.

room

numbers

12.

—Hello,I’d

like

to

speak

to

Henry.

—Oh,which

_______?

There

are

two

______

in

our

office.

A.

Henrys,Henrys

B.

Henries,Henries

C.

Henry,Henrys

D.

Henrys,Henries

13.

Electricity,like

other

forms

of

______,has

greatly

increased

in

price

in

recent

years.

A.

pressure

B.

force

C.

strength

D.

energy

14.

In

order

to

learn

the

_______

of

the

family

business,Bill

took

a

job

as

messenger

boy

in

one

of

the

offices.

A.

ins

and

outs

B.

dos

and

don’ts

C.

heads

and

tails

D.

t’s

and

i’s

15.

—I’ve

got

an

“A”

in

the

examination.

—That’s

a

good

______.

You

will

surely

win

a

second.

A.

result

B.

news

C.

start

D.

idea

答案与解析:

1.

选A。hair

可用作可数或不可数名词,用作可数名词时,指一根一根的毛发或头发,如说

There’s

a

hair

in

my

soup

(我的汤里有根头发);用作不可数名词时,则是整体地指一个人的头发。

2.

选B。需根据句意来分析。have

no

sense

of

direction

意为“没有方向感”。

3.

选B。需根据句意来分析。attempt

在此表示“尝试”。

4.

选B,由于上文说

didn’t

have

to

work,所以下文相应的语境应是

did

it

by

choice。类似地,下面一题应选D,也是因为choice与下文的have

to

do

it

相呼应:

Were

you

given

a

_____,or

did

you

have

to

do

it?

A.

job

B.

duty

C.

request

D.

choice

5.

B。注意其后的

to

the

party

replied

to

it。

6.

选C。value

指“价值”。

7.

选C。make

sense

of

意为“明白”、“理解”。比较:make

sense

意为“有意义”、“意思清楚”、“有道理”。如下面一题选D:

What

he

told

us

about

the

situation

simply

doesn’t

make

any

______.

A.

use

B.

reason

C.

value

D.

sense

8.

选B。miss

one’s

turn

意为“错过机会”,注意下文的

…have

to

wait

for

the

next

round

所表示的语境。

9.

选D。it’s

no

wonder

(+that从句)的意思是“难怪”,也可说成

No

wonder

(+that从句)。

10.

选D。directions

的意思是“使用说明”,空格前的

refer

to

意为“查看”、“参考”。

11.

选D。room

为无生命名词,不用

room’s

这样的所有格形式,在此可直接用名词作定语。类似地,下面一题要选B,也是一样的道理(名词作定语通常用单数不用复数):

The

boy

was

very

happy

that

his

mother

bought

him

a

new

pair

of

shoes

at

a

______

yesterday.

A.

shoes

shop

B.

shoe

shop

C.

shoes’s

shop

D.

shoe’s

12.

选C。在通常情况下,专有名词具有“独一无二”性,因此它通常没有复数形式,即不可数。但是,专有名词的独一无二性有时是相对的,随着范围的扩大,这种独一无二性便会受到破坏。如在一个星期(week)内,只有一个星期六(Saturday),

一个星期日(Sunday)等,但是在一个月中甚至一年中,便有多个星期六,多个星期日了。所以我们有时可以说:We

have

spent

many

happy

Sundays

there.

我们在那儿度过了许多个愉快的星期日。另外一点值得注意的是,与一般的名词单数变复数不同,以“辅音字母+y”结尾的专有名词,其直接加词尾-s,而不将y改为i。

13.

选D。从常识来考虑,electricity

属于

energy,结合全句的语境,只有D最合适。同样地,下面一题从常识和语境来考虑也应选D:

(1)Some

countries

are

increasing

their

use

of

natural

gas,and

other

forms

of

______.

A.

source

B.

material

C.

power

D.

energy

(2)The

______

has

become

extremely

tense.

A

war

could

break

out

any

time

between

the

two

sides.

A.

pollution

B.

friendship

C.

condition

D.

situation

14.

选A。ins

and

outs

意为“细节”,dos

and

don’ts

意为“注意事项”,heads

or

tails

为掷钱币打赌时用语,意为“你赌正面还是赌反面”,p’s

and

q’s主要用于

mind

one’s

p’s

and

q’s,意为“留意自己的言行”。结合句意,选A最合适。

15.

选C。从语法上看,news

不可选,因为它不可数;从意义上看,D不可选,因为选D意思不通;比较A和C,选C最合适,因为

start与下文的

a

second

相吻合

II.

there

be结构讲与练

“there

be”

结构在英语中表示某处有某物。there

之后除了可以用is,was,are,were外,还可以用其他含有be的各种谓语表现形式。这种结构在英语中应用非常广泛。现将其用法归纳总结如下:

一、“there

be”

之后如有一系列事物,be

应与靠

近的一个名词保持数的一致

There

is

a

book,two

pens

and

some

pictures

on

the

table.

There

are

dozens

of

students

and

a

teacher

in

the

classroom.

二、“there

be“结构中的谓语动词可以是“be

going

to

(

seem

to,happen

to,used

to,be

likely

to

…)”+

动词原形

There

happened

to

be

a

car

nearby.

There

is

likely

to

be

a

meeting

at

5.

三、“there

be”结构中还可以用be以外的不及物动词,如

live,exist,stand,lie,remain,go,come

There

stands

a

tall

tree

on

the

top

of

the

mountain.

There

lies

a

small

river

between

the

two

hills.

四、

“There

be”结构中的谓语动词有时可用被动形式

There

was

said

to

be

troops

on

the

frontiers

.

There

was

said

to

be

a

number

of

the

wounded

on

both

sides.

五、“there

be”

结构的非限定形式there

to

be,

there

being,

它们可作主语,宾语或状语

1.

作主语

“there

being”

可起名词作用,

直接位于句首作主语;

there

to

be

+

名词词组作主语,

通常用for

引导。

There

being

a

bus

stop

near

the

house

is

a

great

advantage.

It

is

impossible

for

there

to

be

any

more.

2.

作宾语

(1)

作动词宾语时,通常用“there

to

be”

结构

。能这样用的及物动词为数有限,常见的有

expect,like,

mean,intend,want,prefer,hate等。

We

expect

there

to

be

no

argument.

Would

you

like

there

to

be

a

picture

on

the

wall?

(2)

作介词宾语时,如果介词是for,便只能用“there

to

be”结构,否则多用“there

being”结构。

The

teacher

was

waiting

for

there

to

be

complete

silence.

The

secretary

arranged

for

there

to

be

another

interview.

3.

作状语

用作状语的there

be非谓语形式,通常用there

being结构。

There

being

nobody

in

the

room,he

didn’t

go

in.

There

being

no

further

business,the

chairman

closed

the

meeting.

注意:如果句中出现for时应用there

to

be

It

was

too

late

for

there

to

be

any

buses.

It’s

too

early

for

there

to

be

anybody

up.

【巩固练习】

1.

It

isn’t

cold

enough

for

there

____

a

frost

tonight,so

I

can

leave

Jim’s

car

out

quite

safely.

A.

to

be

B.

would

be

C.

being

D.

was

2.

--Did

you

hear

about

the

fire

down

the

street?

--There

___a

lot

of

news

about

it

on

TV

last

night.

A.

was

B.

had

C.

is

D.

were

3.

There

____

many

changes

in

the

village

recently.

A.

is

B.

are

C.

have

been

D.

to

be

4.

There

___nobody

else

at

hand,I

had

to

do

it

by

myself.

A.

being

B.

was

C.

have

D.

to

be

5.

We

have

no

objection

to

____a

meeting

here.

A.

there

to

be

B.

there

being

C.

there

is

D.

there

having

6.

I

don’t

expect

there

____

any

misunderstanding.

A.

is

B.

to

be

C.

being

D.

will

be

7.

Bill

was

relying

on

____

another

chance.

A.

there

to

be

B.

there

is

C.

there

have

D.

there

being

8.

There

____

a

dictionary

is

very

helpful

to

the

students

of

English.

A.

is

B.

to

be

C.

being

D.

have

9.

There

used

to

be

a

temple

here,_____?

A.

usedn’t

it

B.

used

there

C.

didn’t

it

D.

didn’t

there

10.

There

____a

meeting

tonight.

A.

is

going

be

B.

is

going

to

have

C.

is

going

to

D.

is

going

to

be

11.

We

don’t

want

____

to

be

any

student

lagging

behind.

A.

it

B.

that

C.

there

D.

this

12.

There

____so

few

people

in

the

streets

was

unusual.

A.

to

be

B.

is

C.

was

D.

being

13.

There

___

a

time

when

they

were

good

friends.

A.

is

coming

B.

come

C.

to

be

D.

comes

14.

There

is

now

some

hope

of

____

a

settlement

of

the

dispute.

A.

to

be

B

.

there

to

be

C.

there

being

D.

being

15.

It

would

be

surprising

for_______

no

objections.

A.

to

be

B.

there

to

be

C.

there

being

D.

there

having

16.

There

______

much

to

be

done.

A.

remain

B.

remaining

C.

remains

D.

to

remain

17.

There

______to

be

more

discussions.

A.

was

expected

B.

expecting

C.

expects

D.

was

expecting

18.

People

don

t

want

______

another

war.

A.

being

B.

there

is

C.

will

be

D.

there

to

be

19.

He

was

disappointed

at

______so

few

friends

present

at

his

birthday

party.

A.

there

is

B.

there

to

be

C.

there

being

D.

have

20.______

nothing

else

to

do,we

went

home.

A.

Will

be

B.

There

being

C.

There

to

be

D.

Is

there

Key

1-5

AACAB

6-10

BACDD

11-15

CDDCB

16-20

CADCB

11

/

11

    以上《上海牛津小学英语语法知识总结》范文由一流范文网精心整理,如果您觉得有用,请收藏及关注我们,或向其它人分享我们。转载请注明出处 »一流范文网»最新范文»上海牛津小学英语语法知识总结
‖大家正在看...
设为首页 - 加入收藏 - 关于范文吧 - 返回顶部 - 手机版
Copyright © 一流范文网 如对《上海牛津小学英语语法知识总结》有疑问请及时反馈。All Rights Reserved