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教学总结with复合宾语

日期:2020-04-18  类别:最新范文  编辑:一流范文网  【下载本文Word版

教学总结with复合宾语 本文关键词:宾语,复合,教学

教学总结with复合宾语 本文简介:with+复合宾语用法总结一、with的复合结构的构成所谓“with的复合结构”即是“with+复合宾语”也即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构。其中的宾语一般由名词充当(有时也可由代词充当);而宾语补足语则是根据具体的需要由形容词,副词、介词短语,分词短语(包括现在分词和过去分词)及不定式短语

教学总结with复合宾语 本文内容:

with+复合宾语用法总结

一、with的复合结构的构成

所谓“with的复合结构”即是“with+复合宾语”也即“with

+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构。其中的宾语一般由名词充当(有时也可由代词充当);而宾语补足语则是根据具体的需要由形容词,副词、介词短语,分词短语(包括现在分词和过去分词)及不定式短语充当。下面结合例句就这一结构加以具体的说明。

1、with

+宾语

+形容词作宾补

①He

slept

well

with

all

the

windows

open.

上面句子中形容词open作with

的宾词all

the

windows的补足语,

②It’s

impolite

to

talk

with

your

mouth

full

of

food.形容词短语full

of

food作宾补。

Don

t

sleep

with

the

window

open

in

winter.

2、with+宾语+副词作宾补

with

John

away,we

have

got

more

room.

He

was

lying

in

bed

with

all

his

clothes

on.

③Her

baby

is

used

to

sleeping

with

the

light

on.句中的on是副词,作宾语the

light的补足语。

④The

boy

cant

play

with

his

father

in.句中的副词in作宾补。

3、with+宾语+介词短语。

we

sat

on

the

grass

with

our

backs

to

the

wall.

his

wife

came

down

the

stairs,with

her

baby

in

her

arms.

They

stood

with

their

arms

round

each

other.

With

tears

of

joy

in

her

eyes,she

saw

her

daughter

married.

⑤She

saw

a

brook

with

red

flowers

and

green

grass

on

both

sides.句中介词短语on

both

sides作宾语

red

flowers

and

green

grass的宾补,

⑥There

were

rows

of

white

houses

with

trees

in

front

of

them.,介词短语in

front

of

them作宾补。

4、with+宾词+分词(短语)

这一结构中作宾补用的分词有两种,一是现在分词,二是过去分词,一般来说,当分词所表示的动作跟其前面

的宾语之间存在主动关系则用现在分词,若是被动关系,则用过去分词。

⑦In

parts

of

Asia

you

must

not

sit

with

your

feet

pointing

at

another

person.(高一第十课),句中用现在分词pointing

at…作宾语your

feet的补足语,是因它们之间存在主动关系,或者说point这一动作是your

feet发出的。

All

the

afternoon

he

worked

with

the

door

locked.

She

sat

with

her

head

bent.

She

did

not

answer,with

her

eyes

still

fixed

on

the

wall.

The

day

was

bright,with

a

fresh

breeze(微风)blowing.

I

won

t

be

able

to

go

on

holiday

with

my

mother

being

ill.

With

winter

coming

on,it

is

time

to

buy

warm

clothes.

He

soon

fell

asleep

with

the

light

still

burning.

⑧From

space

the

earth

looks

like

a

huge

water

covered

globe,with

a

few

patches

of

land

sticking

out

above

the

water.而在下面句子中因with的宾语跟其宾补之间存在被动关系,故用过去分词作宾补:

⑨The

murderer

was

brought

in,with

his

hands

tied

back.(91年高考题)。

但当with的复合结构中语是表示人体部位名称的名词时,作宾补用的分词是现在分词是过去分词,则应视这

一动词而定。一般来说,若此动词是及物动词则用其过去分词形式,若是不及物动词,则用其现在分词形式。

⑩An

old

man

was

lying

there

with

his

eyes

shut.此句中shut是及物动词,故用其过去分词

He

lay

on

his

back

with

his

eyes

looking

straight

up

wards.

look为不及物动词,故用现在分词。

5、with+宾语+不定式短语。

I

can

t

go

out

with

you,with

much

homework

to

be

done.句中的宾补由to

be

done这一不定式的被动结构充当,表示do这一动作的将来含义或未完成之意,用其被动态则说明其与宾语之间存在被动关系。

With

five

minutes

to

go

before

the

last

train

left,we

arrived.

I

can

t

go

out

with

all

these

dishes

to

wash.

So

in

the

afternoon,with

nothing

to

do,I

went

around

the

school.

With

such

an

experienced

teacher

to

teach

us

English,we

are

very

happy.

6,with+宾语+名词

He

died

in

the

battle

with

his

son

only

a

ten-month-old

baby.

二、with的复合结构的用法

1,在句子中with结构多数充当状语,表示行为方式,伴随情况、时间、原因或条件

She

came

into

the

room,with

her

nose

red

because

of

cold.(with+名词+形容词,作伴随状语)

With

the

meal

over

we

all

went

home.(with+名词+副词,作时间状语)

The

master

was

walking

up

and

down

with

the

ruler

under

his

arm。(with+名词+介词短语,作伴随

状语。)

The

teacher

entered

the

classroom

with

a

book

in

his

hand.

He

lay

in

the

dark

empty

house,with

not

a

man

,woman

or

child

to

say

he

was

kind

to

me.(

with+名词+不定式,作伴随状语)

He

could

finish

it

with

me

to

help

him.(with+代词

+不定式,作条件状语)

She

fell

asleep

with

the

light

burning.(with+名词+现在分词

,作伴随状语)

With

nothing

left

in

the

cupboard,

she

went

out

to

get

something

to

eat.(with+代词+过去分词,作为原因状语)

2,With结构在句中也可以作定语。例如:

From

space

the

earth

looks

like

a

huge

water-covered

globe

with

a

few

patches

of

land

sticking

out

above

the

water.

A

little

boy

with

two

of

his

front

teeth

missing

ran

into

the

house.

Do

you

know

the

woman

with

a

gold

necklace

around

her

neck?

三,几点说明。

1,without

+宾语+宾语补足语是with

+宾语+宾语补足语结构的另一表现形式。

He

could

not

finish

it

without

me

to

help

him.(without+代词

+不定式,作条件状语)

Without

anything

left

in

the

cupboard,

she

went

out

to

get

something

to

eat.(without+代词+

过去分词,作为原因状语)

Possibly

this

person

died

without

anyone

knowing

where

the

coins

were

hidden.(高二22课)

(without+代词+现在分词,作为伴随状语)

Without

anyone

noticing

,I

slipped

out

of

the

room.(without+代词+现在分词,作为伴随状语)

Without

a

word

more

spoken,he

went

back

home

2,with的复合结构与独立主格结构的关系:

把with的复合结构中的介词with去掉,即构成独立主格结构。其结构为

名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词;例如;

The

test

finished,we

began

our

holiday.

=

When

the

test

was

finished,we

began

our

holiday.

考试结束了,我们开始放假。

The

president

assassinated,the

whole

country

was

in

deep

sorrow.

=

After

the

president

was

assassinated,the

whole

country

was

in

deep

sorrow.

总统被谋杀了,举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。

Weather

permitting,we

are

going

to

visit

you

tomorrow.

=If

weather

permits,we

are

going

to

visit

you

tomorrow.天气允许,我们明天去看你。

This

done,we

went

home.

工作完成后,我们才回家。

The

door

of

the

room

being

open,we

looked

in.

It

being

Sunday(=As

it

s

Sunday),we

had

no

class.由于是星期天,我们没有课.

The

duty

completed,he

had

three

days

leave.

The

manager

sat

quietly

in

the

office,(his

)

eyes

closed。经理静静地坐在办公室里,双目紧闭。

There

being

nothing

else

to

do,we

left。

由于没有其它事情可做,我们离开了

He

guiding

her,they

went

across

the

street。他引着他,两个人穿过那条街。

The

last

bus

having

gone,we

had

to

walk

home。

=Because

the

last

bus

had

gone,we

had

to

walk

home。

由于末班车已开走,我们只得步行回家

All

things

considered,the

price

would

be

reasonable。

=If

all

things

considered,the

price

would

be

reasonable。

通盘考虑的话,价格是合理的。

More

time

given,we

could

have

done

it

better。

=

If

more

time

had

been

given

to

us,we

could

have

done

it

better。

假如给我们更多时间的话,我们可能做的更好

The

clock

having

struck

ten,they

said

good

night

and

parted.

已经十点钟了,他们互道晚安分手了。

名词(代词)+形容词;

The

largest

collection

even

found

in

England

was

one

of

about

200,000

silver

pennies,all

of

them

over

600

years

old.(英格兰发现的最大一堆硬币是20万枚银制的便士,它们全都是600年前制作

的。)句中“all

of

them

over

600

years

old”是独立主格结构,可改为:and

all

of

them

were

over

600

years

old并列分句;或all

of

which

were

over

600

years

old非限制性定语从句。(高二22课)

He

came

into

the

room,his

ears

red

with

cold.

他回到了房子里,耳朵冻得红通通的

The

boy,his

face

red,said

nothing.

名词(代词)+副词;

The

class

over,the

students

left

the

class

room

in

twos

and

threes.

Breakfast

over,he

went

to

the

classroom.

=When

breakfast

was

over,he

went

to

the

classroom.

He

put

on

his

socks

wrong,side

out。

他穿上袜子,反面朝上。

名词(代词)+不定式;

A

number

of

officials

followed

the

emperor,some

to

hold

his

robe,others

to

adjust

his

girdle,and

so

on。

许多官员尾随皇帝之后,有的拎着皇帝的衣袍,有的则给他整腰带等。

(some

to

hold…和others

to

adjust…为不定式独立主格结构)

Here

are

the

first

two

volumes,the

third

one

to

come

out

next

month.

这儿是头两卷,第三卷下个月出版。

The

two

girls

said

good-bye

to

each

other,one

to

go

home,the

other

to

go

to

her

friend

s.

两个女孩说声再见后,一个回家,另一个去朋友家。

名词(代词)

+介词短语。

He

came

out

of

the

library,a

large

book

under

his

arm.

他夹着本厚书,走出了图书馆

He

went

off,gun

in

hand。

他手里拿着枪离开了

注意:

独立主格结构使用介词的问题:

当介词是in时,其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分(如物主代词或冠词),也不用复数。但

with

的复合结构不受此限制。例如:A

robber

burst

into

the

room,knife

in

hand.

(hand前不能加his)劫匪冲进房间,手里拿着刀。

He

came

into

the

classroom

with

a

book

in

his

hand。

=He

came

into

the

classroom,book

in

hand。

他手里拿着一本书走进教室。

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